I believe the answer is A. Bias prejudice in favor of or against one thing, person, or group compared with another, usually in a way considered to be unfair. Cultural Bias.
The rifles along with the machine guns that they used.
The scientist who thought that the earth was the center of the universe was Nicolas Copernicus
Statements A. C. and D. are all actions that individuals/groups can take that affect government policies.
The ability to petition and assemble (mentioned in statements A and D) are two of the five freedoms guaranteed in the first amendment of the US Constitution. These actions, as long as they are peaceful, can help to bring awareness to issues that citizens find relevant.
Lobbying is another action citizens can take. This can include writing letters, asking for interviews, and developing deals. All of these actions can result in change of government policies.
This name was "Glasnost".
Glasnost was the name used for more transparency and openness in the government of the Soviet Union that Gorbachev was calling for. It has a meaning similar to "open to public knowledge).