Mitotic division in onion root cells:
- Prophase: the emergence of chromatin threads that form chromosomes, the chromosomes are visible and overlap.
- Metaphase: chromosomes line up and line up in the middle of the equatorial plane. The centromere of the chromosome appears to have bonds with the kinetochores connected to the spindle threads.
- Anaphase: the centromere of the chromosome undergoes division then the chromosomes are pulled by the spindle threads towards the two opposite poles and leave the center of the equator that looks empty.
- Telophase: The cytoplasm divides into two identical-looking daughter cells. At the telophase stage, the process of cell division occurs in two parts and has identical properties.
Mitosis is a cell division through the stages of prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. The purpose of mitosis is for growth and regeneration which results in two daughter cells that are identical to the original parent cell. Mitosis occurs only once and lasts only during somatization.
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Discovery In 1928 it was discovered by Frederick Griffith in an experiment generally known as transformation.
Experiment
In his experiment he considered two strains of <em>streptococus pneumonia,</em> one was R-type which was non-virulent and cause no disease in mice, other was virulent and S-type which cause disease and at last death of mice.
This experiment was comprised of four steps which are as follow:
Step 1: First he injected living strain of S into mice, after sometime mouce died.
Step 2: He injected living strain of R into mice, the mice alive as he did not got any disease.
Step 3: He injected heat killed strain of S into mice and mice remain alive.
Step 4: He mixed living R strain with heat killed S strain and then inject into mice. As a result the mice died.
Conclusion: It was found that genetic material from heat killed S stain were transferred to living R (non-virulent) strain, as a result R become virulent and cause the death of mice.
Darwin lived in a time where natural selection was a strange theory among scientists and researchers. This was especially true when other researcher Lamarck argued that organisms passed on helpful traits to their offspring, that they magically could form a new trait to adapt to their environment and then pass it onto their offspring. For example, if a giraffe was too short to reach food, it would grow a larger neck in its lifetime and then pass that trait onto its offspring. Darwin argued that, through the process of survival of the fittest, that short giraffe would die off and never receive the chance to pass on its shortness to future populations. Thus, taller giraffes would survive— they can reach food, shorter giraffes can’t— and the short genes would disappear. The fact that Darwin was introducing a new theory that nobody was used to at the time was peculiar, so he had few people on his side until long after his observations.
Another problem Darwin had was the lack of technology. To travel, Darwin would have to use boats to reach far away places, and of course, this took time.
The final problem Darwin had was the extra time it took for evolution, a process that can take up to millions of years. Evolution didn’t occur over night— it took time for Darwin to conduct experiments, observe, conduct them again, come to a conclusion, and so on.
Hope this helped a little!
Cell division is the process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells and as a cell becomes larger, its volume increases faster than its surface area.
The answer is b. a higher surface area/volume ratio than the parent cell.
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Answer:
Mass and acceleration will remain constant