Answer: The Universe formed at a central point :)
Explanation:
Answer:
Epicenter is the point on Earth's surface directly above the focal point of the earth quake.
Actually it's above the hypocenter.
Seismograph: Is an instrument that records the seismic waves caused by action of earth quake effect.
Answer:
The answer (Image 1) is attached. Since the options weren't provided, I've attached the image of the options, too.
Explanation:
The plasma membrane is composed of phospholipids, a special form of lipids with a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tail. According to the fluid mosaic model, the hydrophilic heads are positioned towards the outside where they freely interact with the extracellular matrix and cytosol. Whereas, the hydrophobic tails are positioned towards the inside so they aren't exposed to water.
Liposomes are lipid bases particles used for drug and vector delivery. The picture shows a typical liposome.
In the current case, for water to move both outside and inside, hydrophilic heads should be present inside as well as outside the tails.
Answer:
The correct answer is : C .It will decrease ATP production because fewer protons will be able flow down through ATP synthase.
Explanation:
- Oxidative Phosphorylation is a process which involves two steps:
- Transport of electrons from the reduced compounds like NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide hydrogen) and FADH₂ (Flavin adenine dinucleotide dihydrogen) through the electron transport complexes, located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, to oxygen for the generation of water molecules.
- Synthesis of ATP or adenosine triphosphate from ADP or adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate by an enzyme called ATP synthase which is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This enzyme harnesses energy by carrying protons from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix and in the process produces ATP.
- Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in the mitochondria, especially involving the inter membrane space, inner membrane and mitochondrial matrix
- During the transport of electrons through the protein complexes (I, II, III, IV) of the electron transport chain a proton gradient is generated across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
- The proton gradient is such that the concentration of protons is more in the inter-membrane space and less in the matrix of the mitochondria.
- This proton gradient provides the energy to the ATP synthase for the synthesis of ATP.
- Dinitrophenol is responsible for making the inner mitochondrial membrane permeable to protons. As a result protons can directly diffuse through the inner mitochondrial membrane from the inter-membrane space into the mitochondrial matrix equalising the concentration of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This causes distortion in the proton gradient. Hence, protons are no longer available for the ATP synthase to operate and synthesise ATP.
