I'm not sure on how to help with most of those, however I can try my best with a few parts.
The Hadean Eon
The first Eon of Time is the Hadean Eon. The Hadean Eon is the oldest interval of Time and is dated from 4,600 Million Years Ago to 3,900 Million Years Ago. No rock record dating from the Hadean Eon is known on Earth with the exception of the 3.96 Billion Year old rocks found in Canada's Northwest Territories. Although, rocks on other planets in the Solar System were possibly deposited during the Hadean Eon. Earth's earliest known life forms are found in rocks dating from the Archean Eon.
<em>Lasted around about 700 million years</em>
The Archean Eon
The oldest rocks known on Earth were deposited during the Archean Eon which is dated from 3,900 Million Years Ago to 2,500 Million Years Ago. The Archean Eon is also referred to as the Archaeozoic Eon. Sedimentary rock deposited in the oceans during the Archean Eon contains microscopic life-forms that have bacterial characteristics. These organisms were among the only living things on Earth for over one billion years. Stromatolites, formed by colonies of photosynthesizing bacteria known as cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) lived in shallow waters. In the Archean Eon, Earth's atmosphere was composed of methane, ammonia, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide, which would be unbreathable by living organisms today. The extensive colonies of photosynthesizing cyanobacteria released oxygen into the atmosphere, beginning a process that eventually resulted in a breathable atmosphere and impacted living things in future Eons. The climate and weather in the Archean Eon were very hot and wet. The oceans were also very warm. Extensive worldwide volcanic eruptions ejected volcanic ash and dust into the atmosphere causing violent lightning storms and continual rain.
<em>Lasted around 1.5 billion years (I'm unsure about this one)</em>
The Proterozoic Eon
Rocks deposited during the Proterozoic Eon include evidence of multicelled organisms. The Proterozoic Eon was from 2,500 Million Years Ago to 540 Million Years Ago. The stromatolites remained common in the shallow waters of the Proterozoic Eon oceans, however, many other living things were present such as archaea that lived in extreme habitats where the water was very hot and extremely salty. By the end of the Proterozoic Eon, eukaryotes, cells that have a nucleus, appeared and were the ancestors of all modern living things. One of the first extinctions occurred in the Proterozoic Eon when oxygen accumulated in the atmosphere and caused those bacteria that required the atmospheric conditions of the Archean Eon to die. The Proterozoic Eon also experienced two ice ages, when polar ice became at least a kilometer deep and covered an area extending to the equator.
<em>Lasted around 1.9 billion years</em>
The Phanerozoic Eon
The Phanerozoic Eon began 540 Million Years Ago and continues into the Present. The Rocks deposited during the Phanerozoic Eon contain evidence of fossilized hard body parts of modern living things.
<em>Still ongoing</em>
