Answer: Undefined
Step-by-step explanation:
Slope=rise/run
For vertical lines, there is no "run" so the bottom of the slope fraction would be 0. Dividing anything by 0 is always undefined.
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Recall that sin²Ф+cos²Ф=1,
so cos²Ф=1-sin²Ф=(1+sinФ)(1-sinФ)
the (1-sinФ) in the numerator cancel with the (1-sinФ) in the denominator, the result is 1+sinФ