The answer for this question would be the second option. Genomic studies cover the analysis of the changes of genome by scanning the markers across complete sets of DNA. Based on these studies, the change in gene sequences happen that resulted to a change in the way that the brain interprets speech in between 4 and 9 million years ago.
Answer: Protons contribute towards making ATP by producing proton-motive force that provides energy for ATP synthesis.
Explanation: In the respiratory chain, the transfer of electrons from one complex to another is accompanied by pumping of protons out of the matrix. This creates a difference in proton concentration and separation of charge across the mitochondrial inner membrane. The electrochemical energy inherent in this difference in proton concentration called proton-motive force is used to drive ATP synthesis as protons flow back passively into the matrix through a proton pore.
Every organism is unique, even though the nucleotides making up DNA are all the same, because the structure is different in every organism. In other words, it's just the order in which nucleotides are placed that differs each organism from one another.
