Oceans often get oil and toxic waste dumped into them as a bit of a "cheat" to cheaply dispose of waste. This harms the ocean life greatly. A leading cause of dumping into the oceans is the expense of getting rid of used oil. If a city were to allow residents to dispose of these things at no cost to them, there would be no need for people to dump it into the ocean. This will reduce the harm to sea life.
Answer:
In biology, adaptationism is the perspective that considers that the majority of traits are optimal adaptations achieved by natural selection.
Explanation:
Among his most famous defenders are John Maynard Smith, W.D. Hamilton, Richard Dawkins and Daniel Dennett. Adaptationism has been criticized by authors such as Stephen Jay Gould and Richard Lewontin.
Stephen J. Gould summarizes the "adaptationist program" in the following arguments:
- Adaptation is the central phenomenon of evolution, and the key to understanding its mechanisms.
- Natural selection builds adaptation.
- Natural selection maintains an overwhelmingly predominant relative frequency as a cause of adaptation. Variation only provides raw material and cannot do the job without help.
<u>Characteristics of adaptationism
</u>
Gould and Lewontin (1979) summarize the following way of proceeding from the adaptationist program:
- Atomization of the organism: division of the organism into discrete and disconnected features.
- Optimization of the parts by natural selection.
- Explanation of the adaptations.
Habitat is a place in which an animals lives
A niche is the organisms place or job in the environment
Allele for gray fur is A (dominant)
Allele for white fur is a (recessive)
Genotype of heterozygous is Aa (heterozygous is gray, because its allele is dominant)
If we cross two heterozygous
<span>Parents: Aa x Aa
</span> <span>F1: AA Aa Aa aa</span>
The ratio between phenotypes is 3:1 (gray:white)
<span>AA Aa Aa are with gray fur</span>
<span>aa is with white fur </span>
