the answer is: The neutral stimulus causes no response.
Without being paired by any situation, neutral stimulus would not mean anything to the subjects. Because of this , the subjects would normally just ignore the neutral stimulus every time they face it.
But, when the neutral stimulus is paired with a certain situation (such as ringing a bell before giving foods to dogs), the dogs will associate the neutral stimulus with the positive reinforcement. To the point where the neutral stimulus transformed into a conditioned stimulus, which make the dogs'mouth to start watering every time they hear the bell.
I don't know how this is a question, but it is correct.
People who were scared a strong central government and total control (like the experience with Britain), wanted to give states power to counteract the effect. It made people like Thomas Jefferson feel assured that the U.S. would stay a democracy.
Plentiful harvests enabled people to specialize. Because not everyone had to be a farmer, some people could work with pottery while others could develop religions.
