Answer: duration of the portfolio
Explanation:
An investment time horizon which is also referred to as the investment horizon is total time that an investor is expected to hold a particular security.
In the context of a bond portfolio, price risk and reinvestment rate risk exactly cancel out at a time horizon equal to duration of the portfolio.
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
The coupon rate for a bond is fixed and is paid by the issuer of the bond to the bondholder. The cash outlay/inflow to the issuer/bondholder is always the same reardless of the market rate.
The effect of the market rate is on the cost to acquire the bond in the secondary market. It do not change the coupon obligation.
Answer: EMMA
Explanation:
MSRB is an acronym for The Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board and it is a body that is in charge of the regulating the body that gives policies and rules for the financial institutions that issue and sell municipal securities.
EMMA gives non-professional investors key information about municipal securities, including issuer financial disclosures, notices of material events, real-time prices, and market statistics.
Answer:
Identification of the Internal Control Weaknesses:
A. There is no segregation of duties and there is lack of access control. Jerry Miller as a security guard is not expected to have a master key to the cash box. With this he can pilfer the cash. If he prepares the report that shows the number of cars that parked on the lot, he is not supposed to also prepare the day's cash receipts. Otherwise, he can state any number of cars as parked that he likes, and which corresponds to the cash he might leave in the Cash box since he also has a master key.
B. There is no segregation of duties and there is lack of supervision, proper reconciliations, and assets audit. Sharon Fisher handles purchase transactions from the beginning to the close all alone with a third party. This exposes the company to procurement frauds and collusion with suppliers. She can purchase assets for the company at prices that would enrich her personally.
C. Forming an audit opinion on the basis of ratio analysis of last year's comparative financial statements exposes the company to audit risks. While ratio analysis is part of the basis for forming audit opinions, it is surely not the first audit procedure to obtain audit evidence to support his audit opinion on the financial statements. An auditor is expected to obtain sufficient audit evidence and perform audit substantive tests of financial statement assertions. He or she is also expected to review the internal control system to ensure that it is operating effectively after establishing its existence and reviewing changes in internal controls.
Explanation:
Internal Controls are controls established by management in order to help it achieve business goals. There are many internal controls, including Separation of Duties, Access Controls
, Authorization and Approvals, Asset Audits, Reconciliations, and Data Backups. The purposes of internal controls are to establish the reliability of financial reporting, ensure timely feedback on the achievement of operational or strategic goals, and achieve compliance with financial management laws, and accounting regulations.
