The author feels that the activists of that time didn't feel like a teenager would be a good icon for a movement. So, Claudette Colvin's action still remain little known today.
On March 2, 1955, Colvin was riding home on a city bus after school when a bus driver told her to give up her seat to a white passenger. She refused, saying, "It's my constitutional right to sit here as much as that lady. I paid my fare, it's my constitutional right." Colvin felt compelled to stand her ground.
After her refusal to give up her seat, Colvin was arrested on several charges, including violating the city's segregation laws.
The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People briefly considered using Colvin's case to challenge the segregation laws, but they decided against it because of her age. She also had become pregnant and they thought an unwed mother would attract too much negative attention in a public legal battle.
Colvin opposed the segregation law by declaring herself not guilty. The court, however, ruled against her and put her on probation. Despite the light sentence, Colvin could not escape the court of public opinion. The once-quiet student was branded a troublemaker by some, and she had to drop out of college. Her reputation also made it impossible for her to find a job.
Plaintiff in 'Browder v. Gayle'
Despite her personal challenges, Colvin became one of the four plaintiffs in the Browder v. Gayle case, along with Aurelia S. Browder, Susie McDonald and Mary Louise Smith (Jeanatta Reese, who was initially named a plaintiff in the case, withdrew early on due to outside pressure). The decision in the 1956 case, which had been filed by Fred Gray and Charles D. Langford on behalf of the aforementioned African American women, ruled that Montgomery's segregated bus system was unconstitutional.
Two years later, Colvin moved to New York City, where she had her second son, Randy, and worked as a nurse's aide at a Manhattan nursing home. She retired in 2004.
While her role in the fight to end segregation in Montgomery may not be widely recognized, Colvin helped advance civil rights efforts in the city. "Claudette gave all of us moral courage. If she had not done what she did, I am not sure that we would have been able to mount the support for Mrs. Parks," her former attorney, Fred Gray, told Newsweek.
Hope this helps you to understand why her action remains little unknown
African-Americans were among the disfranchised groups of American society in the late 19th century-early 20th century. Most blacks lived in the South by 1908. The Jim Crow laws had erected powerful barriers to effective equality and the exercise of black political rights, imposing literacy tests and poll taxes which made them very hard to register for voting. There were also fewer economic opportunities and education chances for them.
The correct answer is B) Florida had 25 electoral votes and it would determine the winner of the presidency.
<em>The elections results in Florida were so critical in the 2000 election in that Florida had 25 electoral votes and it would determine the winner of the presidency.
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The Presidential election in 2000 resulted to be one of the most competitive in years. The state of Florida ended up deciding the winner between the Democratic Party candidate Al Gore and the Republican Party candidate Geroge W. Bush. The elections results in Florida were so critical in the 2000 election in that Florida had 25 electoral votes and it would determine the winner of the presidency. Since the election of 2012, the state of Florida has 29 electoral votes.
The British<span> government appointed consuls to some islands, but </span>their<span> powers to maintain order were limited and, except for the visits of warships, unenforceable.</span>
