It was John Locke that beloved this I think
Food surplus gave more of the population time to develop and innovate new ideas
A) Anti-Catholic could be used to characterize "Calles' Law" of the following options mentioned above. Calles Law was a statute enacted by the then President of Mexico, whose last name was Calles, where he re-enforced Article 130, which stated that church and state should be separate, but this largely entailed prohibiting priests and ministers from having certain inherently human rights.
