The process of modeling is most closely associated with focused on classical and operant conditioning, which are forms of associative learning in observational learning.
Learning by imitating other people's behavior is a process known as modeling. Another name for it is observational learning. Humans naturally act as models for one another; for instance, young children use modeling to learn how to tie their shoes and use utensils. A certain type of neuron known as a mirror neuron is involved in modeling learning. The field of application for both classical and operant conditioning is expanded by observational learning. The observation model serves as a bridge between the structural model's prediction and the observation, in contrast to classical and operant conditioning. The observational modeling is a representation of the noise and uncertainty in the measurements as an error model. The Mlxtran model file and/or the Monolix interface both allow for the definition of the observation model.
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C?
It basically left the issue of allowing slavery in Kansas and Nebraska up to sovereignty of the people who lived there.
India and Pakistan are often in conflict, or have a high potential for conflict. They compete in many ways, and it is likely that the reason for India's support was that this would weaken Pakistan - option b)
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It gave them a purpose to fight
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Feudalism in the Holy Roman Empire was a politico-economic system of relationships between liege lords and enfeoffed vassals that formed the basis of the social structure within the Holy Roman Empire during the High Middle Ages. In Germany the system is variously referred to Lehnswesen, Feudalwesen or Benefizialwesen. Feudalism in Europe emerged in the Early Middle Ages, based on Roman clientship and the Germanic social hierarchy of lords and retainers. It obliged the feudatory to render persona
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