The main variables which affect photosynthesis are light, water, CO2 concentration and temperature.
On a deeper level, other factors like amount of chlorophyll, availability of nutrients (eg Mg is needed for chlorophyll synthesis) will also affect the rate of photosynthesis, though these are rarely covered in discussion of this topic.
The thing is that photosynthesis will be held back by whichever factor is in shortest supply.
As I sit in my study in England, the sun is shining brightly, but the temperature outside is only 5ºC. I suspect the rate of photosynthesis is limited by temperature today.
Yesterday was a dull day, but in the middle of the day it was not cold and I suspect there wasn't enough light for photosynthesis. If I had turned the security lights on my house on, the plants in my garden might (possibly) have photosynthesised faster.
In summer, some farmers growing crops in glasshouses actually increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the air as all their plants have plenty of water and light and the temperature is near the best possible for photosynthesis.
A good way to investigate this might be with the help of algae and you can use the 'Immobilised Algae' practical for this.
Although water is needed as a raw material for photosynthesis, don't bother trying to investigate water as a variable - plants normally wilt and wither long before water restricts photosynthesis at the biochemical level. They need water to support the plant to face the sun as well as a raw material of photosynthesis.
The simplest equation for photosynthesis:-
Carbon dioxide + water -----(in light, with chlorophyll and enzymes)----> sugar + oxygen
Temperature speeds up all chemical reactions - photosynthesis is no exception.
Enzymes work better in warm conditions (up to about 50ºC when enzymes start to be destroyed by heat).
The idea to get across is that different conditions will be most important on different occasions. This morning, my garden could do with more warmth - yesterday, it could do with more light / sun!
One reason why a species may go extinct is due to environmental changes. For example, if a environment undergoes deforestation / wild fires it’s environment will no longer be grassy green and would not allow for an animal like the Japanese rat snake to use its green coloring to camouflage from predators
Plastic also takes up to 1000 years to biodegrade and marine life can become entangled is trash in the ocean and possibly die if they are not rescued quick enough(i want to be a marine biologist and help same marine life)
The conservation of tillage practices leads to agricultural sustainability by protecting the farmer's crops from insects and other pests, thus, it reduces the need for the farmers to buy pesticides for the crops, since the tillage method prevents insects.
The answer is marcotting. This is for trees, shrubs and
semi-woody plants. The two cuts are then connected by a straight cut and the
bark is pried loose and removed. This involves pressing of a sharp knife
against the bark preferably as close as possible below a node, moving the knife
in circular motion around the stem.
