The parentheses represent the horizontal shift. (X-__) is a shift to the right. (X+__) is a shift to the left. The last number of the function is the vertical shift. A negative number is shifting down and a post number is shifting up.
So, if the graph shifts up three units, then you add 3 + -4 to get -1. And if the graph shifts right 2 units, then you subtract 2 from -3 to get -5.
