The Red Scare concerning communism.
"E pluribus unum" (out of many, one) was essentially considered the US motto until 1956, when Congress passed an act adopting "In God We Trust" as the country's official motto. Opposition to communism as a godless, atheistic ideology (and fear of its influence) was a motivator for the change. Similarly, the phrase "under God" was added to the Pledge of Allegiance by an act of Congress in 1954. Both acts were signed into law by President Dwight Eisenhower.
Question 1: D
In 1947, the United Nations drew up a plan for the partition of the British mandate of Palestine. The plan involved the declaration of separate Arab and Jewish states, as well as exclusionary status for Jerusalem. However, the recommended partition ultimately failed.
Question 2: The United States never ratified the Treaty of Versailles due to intense opposition from the Irreconcilables led by Henry Cabot Lodge.
Answer:
The 1960s (pronounced "nineteen-sixties") was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on 1 January 1960, and ended on 31 December 1969. The term "1960s" also refers to an era more often called the Sixties, denoting the complex of inter-related cultural and political trends around the globe.
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