<span>They bind messenger RNA and transfer RNA to synthesize polypeptides and proteins.</span>
They are called night terrors.
The correct answer is C) There is not enough oxygen in the culture medium. This is because of alcoholic fermentation, and anaerobic process where the yeast transform sugar (glucose) in ethylic alcohol (ethanol) and carbon dioxide. Glucose is decomposed into pyruvic acid which then after turns into CO2 and ethanol. The bubbles described, are produced by the carbon dioxide.
The yeast, as well as some bacteria, use the glucose molecule through "glycolysis" to obtain a 3-carbon molecule called pyruvates. Glycolysis consists of 10 coupled reactions, in the end, from one glucose (6 carbons) the yeast will obtain two pyruvates (3 carbons each).
Pyruvate can follow three main routes to obtain ATP, end up as lactate, as carbon dioxide (CO2) and water or as ethanol (alcohol) and CO2. Regarding yeast, it can only be used to obtain Ethanol plus CO2 or to obtain CO2 plus water.
The path that follows from here depends on the reaction medium. The cell gets much more energy (38 molecules of ATP) by converting pyruvate into water + CO2 than by turning it into ethanol + CO2 (2 molecules of ATP). Then, whenever possible, the yeast will follow the CO2 + water path. To support this route the cell needs oxygen. In this case, the cell obtains its energy by breathing when there is no oxygen available, the yeast has a way that allows it to gain much less energy but allows it to survive, the alcoholic fermentation, previously mentioned.
Therefore, A, B, and D answers are wrong for the reasons mentioned above.
Polyploidy is the state of a cell or organism having more than two paired (homologous) sets of chromosomes. Most species whose cells have nuclei (eukaryotes) are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes—one set inherited from each parent.
Diploblastic blastopore - gastrovascular cavity
Protostome blastopore - mouth
Deuterostome blastopore - anus
Explanation:
Blastopores are structural indentations formed on the embryo during the gastrulation stage and this develops into mouth or anus depending upon the type of the embryo.
Diplolbastic (cnidarians) blastopores develop into the gastrovascular cavity in organisms like hydra
Triploblasts with three embryonic germ layers includes acoelomates, eucoelomates, and pseudocoelomates and the blastopores transform accordingly.
The blastopores of the triploblastic eucoelomates like the protosomes (mollusks, arthropods, annelids) transforms to the mouth, denoting ‘mouth first’; while that of the deuterostomes (chordates) transform to anus, denoting ‘mouth second’.
