They increase the permeability of the lymph capillaries. Interstitial fluid enters the lymphatic vessels through the mini valves (which are overlaps of endothelial cells
from multiple lymph capillaries). The valves also prevent the backflow of the lymph from the vessels back to the tissues.
Lipids-fats, wax. oils, phospholipids, steroids
carbohydrates-sugars( glucose, glycogen, and cellulose in plants), starch
proteins- amino acids, and enzymes
nucleic acids- RNA, DNA
Out of the following given choices, the answers are;
morning stiffness in joints
swelling of joints soft-tissue swelling of at least three joints
Rheumatoid arthritis is the damage to the joint cartilage due to autoimmunity . This causes increased friction (hence wear and tear) of the bones at the joints. This causes pain at the joints and hence the subject is immobilized.
Answer:
The enzyme Topoisomerase functions to prevent super-coiling of the DNA molecule during replication.
Explanation:
- During replication, topoisomerases are required to relieve the positive supercoiling that arises from DNA unwiding mediated by Helicases.
- A DNA topoisomerase is a nuclease that breaks a phosphodiester bond in a DNA strand.
- All topoiomereases are classified as Topoisomerase I and Topoisomerase II depending on whether they cleave one or two strands respectively.
- Topoisomerase I do not use ATP as a source of energy, the reaction is powered by energy stored in super-coiled DNA.
- Topoisomerase II also do not require external energy but it utilizes ATP hydrolysis to drive conformation changes in the protein during reaction cycle.
