Answer:
Four innovations are central nervous system, eyes, bilateral and hermaphrodites.
Explanation:
Innovations found in an ancient flatworm were the presence of central nervous system means head and a brain. The head had eyes which is the first in the animal world. Their body is bilateral means equally divided into two parts. They are also hermaphrodites means having male and female on a single organism which was not present at that time of animals.
Mutation rate of Gram negative bacteria is much greater than that of Gram positive bacteria.
Explanation:
The gram positive types of bacteria responsible for causing diseases in humans. It is called as Gram positive bacteria. Both the bacteria are different in structural and physical properties. It is defined as the group of bacteria’s which positive result in gram stain test.
Gram negative bacteria are the group of bacteria’s which gives negative result to the gram stain test. This classification is done according to the cell wall. The cause of common disease by Gram positive bacteria is our anthrax, diphtheria, etc.
Answer:
in single-celled organism,signaling allows population of cells to coordinate with one another and work like a team to accomplish tasks no single cell could carry out on its own. the study of cell signaling touches multiple biological disciplines 5 years developmental biology , neurontology, and endocrinology.
* explanation* : hope this helped you
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