Answer:
Angiotensin II is a potein VASOCONSTRICTOR that helps regulate blood pressure. Angiotensinogen, is an inactive hormone synthesized and released continuously from the LIVER. Its activation, which occurs within the BLOOD, is initiated by the enzyme renin. Renin is released from the juxtaglomerular apparatus of the KIDNEYS in response to either (1) LOW blood pressure (as detected by decreased stretch of BARORECEPTORS within granular cells, or by decreased NaCl detected by CHEMORECEPTORS within macula densa cells); or (2) stimulation by the SYMPATHETIC division. The sequential action of renin and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) causes the formation of angiotensin II (the active form of the hormone).
Explanation:
Angiotensin is a peptide hormones that regulate blood pressure by causing increase in blood pressure through vasoconstriction. It is a part of the renin- angiotensin system that regulate the internal pressure of the blood. It is stimulated when the level of blood pressure reduces or there is an decrease in the sodium chloride in the blood. It effects is to vasoconstrict the blood vessels thereby increasing the blood pressure in the vessels. Angiotensinogen is the inactive hormone synthesized by the liver and upon activation through baroreceptors or chemoreceptors, the liver releases angiotensinogen into the blood stream to be ctivated by the enzyme secreted from the kidney's juxtaglumerular apparatusand then activated to teh angiotensinogen I, angiotensinoI is then activated into angiotensin II by the angiotensin II by the angiotensin converting enzyme. Angiotensin also causes the increase in the aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex to promote the retention of sodium by the kidneys, this also helps to increaee the blood pressure. Various receptors helps in signalling the body to a reduced blood pressure level. This includes the baroreceptors which are pressure receptors and detect changes in pressure of the blood; chemorecptors which are chemical receptors that detect the change in the concentration of sodium and chloride ion in the blood. All this function together with the sympathetic division of the CNS to help the body regulates its change in blood pressure in a given time.
Population and nutrients, This is because if you have a large population then you must need a certain amount of nutrients to suit the population
Answer:
Lithosphere made the earth outermost layer, crust and upper portion of mantle.
Asthenosphere made the middle layer of earth.
Explanation:
Lithosphere:
Lithosphere made the earth outermost layer, crust and upper portion of mantle.
It is made up of tectonic plates.
Lithosphere present over the asthenosphere.
Lithosphere have low temperature as compared to asthenosphere.
Its rocks are rigid.
It is less viscous and dense
Asthenosphere:
Asthenosphere made the middle layer of earth.
When material present in asthenosphere solidify it becomes the part of lithosphere.
Asthenosphere have high temperature as compared to the lithosphere.
Its rocks are plastic and have tendency to flow.
It is more viscous and dense.
The repository of bile produced by the liver is one of the gallbladder's top priorities.
Bile is required to break down the body's fats and lipids, making it vital for digestion. In addition, it helps in the metabolism of bilirubin, which is produced when RBCs break down.
The gallbladder serves several essential purposes, including the following:
- The ability to empty and restock its bile reserves in response to intestinal hormones like cholecystokinin.
- To assist in controlling the bile's chemical makeup (the percentage of water, bile salts and more)
- To regulate the small intestine's bile flow.
- To contract (secreting bile into the biliary tract and duodenum)
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