I would say the correct answer is - <span>But the doctor's four friends had taught no such lesson to themselves. They resolved forthwith to make a pilgrimage to Florida, and quaff at morning, noon, and night, from the Fountain of Youth.
As you already said, allegory is something that tells us a deeper and more important story than what may seem on the surface. So these four people don't just want to go on a pilgrimage and find the Fountain of Youth on a whim - there must be something important behind their decision.
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Yes it is perfectly acceptable:)
What parts do you need help with?
Yes, there is a meter to this line.
Given that there are 8 syllables in this line, that would mean this is a tetrameter. One meter consists of 2 syllables, so if there are 8 syllables in a line, that would mean there are 4 meters, which in literature is called a tetrameter.
Also, when you take into consideration the unstressed and stressed syllables, you see that here the sequence goes: unstressed, stressed, unstressed, stressed, etc. which are qualities of iamb.
So, this line is written in<u> </u><u>iambic tetrameter. </u><u />