<span>He was a strong defender of the Back-to-Africa movement. He was publisher, Journalist and Black Nationalist. He founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA-ACL).Marcus Garvey, a foremost proponent of Pan-African and Black Nationalism.</span>
<span>Reconstruction brought many changes. The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments promised great changes in the lives of African Americans. Unfortunately, there were constant attempts to strip African Americans of the new freedoms promised by the Constitution.</span>
