Answer:
The correct answer is -
a. Protonation of the substrate.
b. Deprotonation of the amino acids in the enzyme active site.
c. Change in tertiary structure in extreme conditions.
Explanation:
During an enzyme assay, suboptimal pH is changed and affect the Vmax to decrease and this could take place due to various reasons such as-
A) protonation of the substrate - Upon protonating or adding a proton or hydrogen cation to a substrate atom, the mass and the charge of the species each increase by one unit which make a conjugate acid.
B) Deprotonation of the amino acids in the enzyme’s active site -Changing the pH will affect the charges on the amino acid molecules.
C) Denaturation of the protein’s tertiary structure- Tertiary structure of the protein is basically a backbone of peptide chain with one or more secondary domains of proteins that increasing the pH or decreasing the pH get denature.
Thus, the correct answer is : option A, B, C.
In the Arthropods experiment the control is not needed since c. the treatments can then be compared to each one rather than that of a control. Hope this is the right answer and would be of big help to your assignment.
Answer:
The first phase of Meiosis 1 is prophase 1. during the prophase 1 is where DNA is exchanged between homologous Chromosomes in a process called crossing over or recombination.
Any forms of predatory or parasitic life may decrease, or even vanish! As then would the creatures that survived off of these organisms. I would be able to go on for a while about the different organisms of all sizes that would vanish and how they would cause other species to be affected.
Salmon are VERY important to the food chain!
Hope this helps! <span />
Bacteria are single celled microbes. The cell structure is simpler than that of other organisms as there is no nucleus or membrane bound organelles. Instead their control centre containing the genetic information is contained in a single loop of DNA. Some bacteria have an extra circle of genetic material called a plasmid. The plasmid often contains genes that give the bacterium some advantage over other bacteria. For example it may contain a gene that makes the bacterium resistant to a certain antibiotic.
Bacteria are classified into 5 groups according to their basic shapes: spherical (cocci), rod (bacilli), spiral (spirilla), comma (vibrios) or corkscrew (spirochaetes). They can exist as single cells, in pairs, chains or clusters.
