Answer:
Coal is mined in two different ways: from deep underground and in
strip mines. In both cases the land that is mined is leased by the coal companies, while the ownership remains in public hands. Deep mines are reached through a shaft into the ground, through which miners gain access to the coal seam and out of which comes the coal. Strip mines are used when the coal seam is near the surface. The topsoil and other overburden materials are removed by giant power shovels and piled out of the way. The shovels then dig out the coal. After the coal has been mined, there may be environmental reclamation to return the land to its original state, thus allowing others continued use of it for their own purposes. This involves refilling the hole, spreading topsoil, and then planting new vegetation on it.
Answer:
The correct answer would be a. Fragments of DNA that have desired genes are isolated to form recombinant DNA for use in a host.
Genetic engineering refers to the direct manipulation or modification of the desired gene in a cell in order to produce novel or improved organism.
It includes isolation of DNA fragment that has desired gene such antibiotic resistance gene, pest resistance gene et cetera. It is done with the help of restriction endonuclease.
The isolated gene is then copied or cloned with the help of polymerase chain reaction or cloning vector.
The cloned gene is then transferred to the cell of the host organism. It can be done with the help of various techniques such as micro-injections, plasmid vectors, non-pathogenic viral vector, gene gum, T-plasmid et cetera. It depends on the type of host cell.
The transformed cell will have the desired characteristics or trait.
Answer:
A scientist discovers a new organism in run-off from the Rio Tinto River in Spain (the river runs through a copper mine and the water has a pH of 2.0). On basic microscopic examination and after conducting a few simple experiments, she finds that this single-celled species is heterotrophic, has no cell wall, uses a flagellum for motion, and contains a variety of internal structures that are bound by plasma membranes. Given this information, this new species is most likely a <u>eukaryotic</u> cell in the <u>protozoan</u> subcategory
Explanation:
Eukaryotic cells contain nucleus and organelles and are enclosed by a plasma membrane. Organism that have these cells are protozoa, fungy, plants and animals.
Protozoan are single-celled eukaryotic.
Answer: Cat breed; bar graphs
Explanation:
The experiments consists of a dependent and independent variable. The independent variable can be change and is controlled by the experimenter and the dependent variable is dependent on the independent variable.
Here, in this experiment the independent variable is breed of cat. There are 3 different breeds of cats used in the experiment to test the sneezing frequency caused due to allergy from cats.
The data can be presented in the form of bar graphs with x and y representing the the dependent and independent variable.