The higher-order need by Maslow is Self Actualization it is the need to reach one’s highest potential and to attain a sense of fulfillment to the highest level. It is the realization of one’s talent and potentialities. It becomes a source of motivation after lower order needs are satisfied.
New Amsterdam's name was changed to New York, in honor of the Duke of York, who organized the mission. The colony of New Netherland was established by the Dutch West India Company in 1624 and grew to encompass all of present-day New York City and parts of Long Island, Connecticut and New Jersey.
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I'm not completely sure but I assume it's because many African Americans lived in Chicago and all the pervious mayors where white.