The correct answer is - The Babylonian Empire.
The Babylonian Empire was one of the most advanced empires in the world and it was the birthplace of lots of inventions, as well as setting the foundations for some of the sciences, but they were also known for their creativity and sense for aesthetics, and beautiful architecture. This civilization was located between and in close proximity of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, in the Middle East, on the territory of the modern day country of Iraq.
During the 19th century, America had a strong reluctance to become involved in other countries alliances and affairs. Isolationists in America argued that the US had a different philosophy than European countries and the US should defend freedom and democracy by not being involved in such things.
During the Spanish-American War, the US remained isolated and the country fought the war without alliances and without fighting in Europe. But the mindset started to change since the motto of freedom and democracy was substituted by the US bringing an empire in the Caribbean and in the Pacific - the US had influence in the Phillippines, Puerto Rico and Guam -.
President Roosevelt had the big stick policy, he believed that the US should export its values and become a global power. At the same time, he defended that the US should avoid conflicts. President Roosevelt ended the isolationism in the US and started the modern American philosophy of acting aggressively in foreign affairs even without the support of the Congress.
No, it is false that after the Spanish-American War the people of the Philippines were happy to have America replace Spain as a colonial partner, since many in the Philippines wanted full independence.
