In economics an externality is the cost or benefit that affects someone who did not choose this. It is the true cost of a product that can be both positive or negative. Pollution can be an example of this. An educated labor force producing more is a positive example of this. The government rewards positive externality and punishes negative externality. Rewards can be surpluses and taxes can be punishments.
Answer:
which country r u from?cuz I would have to research the banks according to your country.
Answer:
$64,000
Explanation:
In order to be deductible, a business expense must be both ordinary and necessary. Being ordinary means that it is a plausible expense for this business, since the expense in question is related to accounting services, it is ordinary. Being necessary means that the expense is the minimum required and is appropriate and helpful to the business. In this case, all of the expense was not required, therefore, only $64,000 (the reasonable market value for the services provided) are deductible.
Answer:
Task a:
The answer is $24,500.
Task b:
The answer is 17%
Explanation:
<h2>Task a:</h2><h3>What is the maximum amount of new capital that can be raised at the LOWEST component cost of EQUITY?</h3><h3>Solution:</h3>
We already know the following:
Projected net income = $21,000
Payout ratio = 30%
Retention ratio = 70%
Debt share = 40%
Equity share = 60%
Maximum amount of capital to be raised at the lowest component cost of equity = Projected net income ×
= $21,000 × 
= $24,500
<h3>Answer:</h3>
The maximum amount of new capital that can be raised at the lowest component of equity is $24,500.
<h2>Task b:</h2><h3>What is the component cost of equity by selling new common stock?</h3><h3>Solution:</h3>
k(e) (component cost of external equity) = [Dividend (D0)(1 + growth) / stock price(1 - flotation cost)] + growth
Formula:
k(e) =
+ 0.05
Where
Do = $2.00
G = 0.05
P = $21/88
= ($2.00(1 + 0.05) / $21.88(1-.20)) + 0.05
= ($2.10/$21.88(1-.20)) + 0.05
= ($2.10/$21.88(0.80) + 0.05
= 0.17 or 17%
<h3>Answer: </h3>
The component cost of equity by selling new common stock = 17%