In two-party systems, there are two major parties that represent people's beliefs. This is the system seen in the United States with Republicans and Democrats. People choose for one of the two who are polar opposites and if a new idea rises then one of the party adopts it in its own way. The advantages are stability in the government because a single party can control the congress and get laws passed. Disadvantages are for example the president and the congress coming from different parties which can cause a lot of problems for the government.
Multiparty systems feature numerous parties as almost anyone can have their party with its own sets of ideas. All the parties can become members of their respective parliaments if they pass what is called the census, that is, a minimal amount of votes necessary in order to become a member of the parliament. Advantage is that there is a bigger choice for people, while the disadvantage can be over-saturation of parties which can cause instability.
Advantages of a coalition government are that various parties are used to govern and they have their own ideas and that prevents a single party from pushing its own agenda regardless of what others think. Disadvantages of a coalition government is that there is a high amount of instability since there are a lot of various parties and they all want their own well-being ensured so they often clash with others from their own coalition.
