Answer:
1. The mountains and deserts around the Indus River Valley were also important because they protected the river valleys from invasion by nomadic warriors. All of these geographical advantages enabled the development of prosperous civilizations along the rivers of India.
2. Himalaya mountains
The Himalaya mountains extend for about 2,500 kilometers (1,550 miles), separating the Indian subcontinent from the rest of Asia. The Indian subcontinent, once connected to Africa, collided with the Eurasian continent about 50 million to 55 million years ago, forming the Himalayas.
3. While too little rainfall during the summer monsoon can cause dire conditions for farmers on land, too much rainfall and overly strong winds can make coastal waters unsafe, preventing fishermen throughout South Asia from heading to sea to catch the fish they depend on for income.
4. The Indus River Valley Civilization, also known as Harappan civilization, developed the first accurate system of standardized weights and measures, some as accurate as to 1.6 mm. Harappans created sculpture, seals, pottery, and jewelry from materials, such as terracotta, metal, and stone.
5. The Indus Valley people gave to the world its earliest cities, its town planning, its architecture in stone and clay, and showed their concern for health and sanitation. They built a scientific drainage system in their cities.
6. A standard unit of measurement is a quantifiable language that helps everyone understand the association of the object with the measurement. ... In contrast, a nonstandard unit of measurement is something that may vary in length or weight.
7. Aryan, name originally given to a people who were said to speak an archaic Indo-European language and who were thought to have settled in prehistoric times in ancient Iran and the northern Indian subcontinent.
8. The Indo-Aryans split off around 2000 BCE to 1600 BCE from the Iranians, whereafter the Indo-Aryans migrated into Anatolia and, possibly in multiple waves, the Punjab (northern Pakistan and India), while the Iranians moved into Iran, both bringing with them the Indo-Iranian languages.
9. In this case, Plaintiffs, the organization California Parents for the Equalization of Educational Materials ("CAPEEM") and several Hindu parents, allege that the California public school curriculum discriminates against Hindus. See generally Compl. (dkt. 1). The sole remaining claim in the case is whether the History-Social Science Content Standards for California Public Schools, Kindergarten Through Grade Twelve (the "Standards"), adopted in 1998, and the History-Social Science Framework (the "Framework"), adopted in 2016, violate the Establishment Clause of the Constitution. See Order re MTD (dkt. 119) at 9–16, 21. In light of the Court's earlier rulings, in order to prevail, Plaintiffs need to demonstrate that the complained-of government action has the principal or primary effect of advancing or inhibiting religion. See Lemon v. Kurtzman, 403 U.S. 602, 612–13, 91 S.Ct. 2105, 29 L.Ed.2d 745 (1971) ; Order re MTD at 10–13 (rejecting Plaintiffs' arguments under other two Lemon prongs). The evidence does not support such a ruling. Accordingly, as explained below, the Court GRANTS Defendants' Motion for Summary Judgment (hereinafter "D. MSJ") (dkt. 163) and DENIES Plaintiffs' Cross-Motion for Summary Judgment (hereinafter "P. MSJ") (dkt. 215).
God bless!
Explanation:
9. from https://casetext.com/case/cal-parents-for-the-equal-of-educ-materials-v-torlakson-2
