The first question is mostly likely the people's republic of china.
I know because china is more commonly known for that.
The second question is India and China.
I know both these countries have a huge problem with pollution as they have many industries.
Answer:
In 1783, the Ottoman Empire was defeated by Catherine the Great. Crimea was traded to Russia by the Ottoman Empire as part of the Treaty provision. After two centuries of conflict, the Russian fleet had destroyed the Ottoman navy and the Russian army had inflicted heavy defeats on the Ottoman land forces.
Explanation:
The answer to this would be B- Longitudinal Study.
The Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, were against the purchase of this territory because they wanted the states united by a strong central government, which would be difficult with state so far away.