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Why USSR invaded Afghanistan?
Afghanistan Had Long Held Strategic Importance . Fearful that Tsarist Russia's expansion into Central Asia would bring it perilously close to the border of India, their imperial jewel, Britain fought three wars in Afghanistan to maintain a buffer against Russian encroachment.
It's impact on Afghanistan and Pakistan: In the brutal nine- year conflict, an estimated one million civilians were killed as well as 90,000 Mujahideen fighters and 1,800 Afghan troops. The county was left in ruins. Several million Afghan had either fled to Pakistan for refuge or had become internal refugees.
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Another effect of the spread of Islam was an increase in trade. Unlike early Christianity, Muslims were not reluctant to engage in trade and profit; Muhammad himself was a merchant. As new areas were drawn into the orbit of Islamic civilization, the new religion provided merchants with a safe context for trade.
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Formation of the planets. The various planets are thought to have formed from the solar nebula, the disc-shaped cloud of gas and dust left over from the Sun's formation. ... These rocky bodies would become the terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars).
One example is Filial piety