The Counter-Reformation was a religious and political movement that main purpose was to stop spreading of protestantism via ideological struggle rather than military one conduct y secualr rulers that is why for exemple Society of Jesus was created
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Basically the Catholic Church viewed the earth as the center of the universe and that God created the universe to serve people. But during the scientific revolution people such as Nicolause Copernicus, Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei challenged the Churches views with their theories.
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At the same time, nations saw trade as a way of increasing their wealth. Merchants dreamed of new sources for goods such as gold and spices. ... They wanted to trade directly with Africa and Asia, but this meant that they had to find a new sea route.
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