The answer is A. Hope this helps.
1. Explain why neither cyclins nor kinases alone can cause a cell to progress through the cell cycle.
As cyclin accumulates, it activates their kinases that turn on the pathway to mitotic spindle formation, and so on.
2. How do controls of the cell cycle protect multi-cellular organisms from accumulating large numbers of damaged or defective cells?
The checkpoint control is responsible for multi-cellular organisms for not accumulating large numbers of damaged or defective cells. Checkpoint controls consist of proteins that detect mistakes and damage and quickly halt the cell cycle until repairs are made. When this occurs, the cell is said to be in cell-cycle <span>arrest.
</span>3. What is the difference between a cancerous tumor and metastasis?
Cancer is cause by mutations in the genes that encode these proteins can lead to uncontrolled growth. Cancer is when there is uncontrolled cell growth and reproduction. Metastasis is caused by tumors when they grow and interfere with the surrounding tissue or cells and break off and spread around the body. Cancerous tumors cause metastasis, and tumors are caused by mutations in genes that lead to uncontrolled growth.
4. What are the functions of tumor-suppressor genes and protoncogenes in noncancerous cells?
The genes that encode the checkpoint proteins are called tumor suppressors because they suppress the development of cells into tumors. If mutations inactivate these genes, the cell-cycle break is removed with or without a signal from the outside. Proto-oncogene’s are involved in promoting cell division, mutations can cause them to become oncogenes, or cancer genes which stimulate cells to leave G0 and divide whether or not it is a signal.
Species strategies to survive and successfully reproduce define three basic survivorship curves. <em>The survivorship curve </em><em>type III</em><em> is the one that best represents the Dandelion plants.</em>
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According to the species strategies to survive, reproduce, and ensure their reproductive success, we can mention three basic curves,
<u>Type I.</u>
- Mortality often occurs at the end of the cycle, representing species with low mortality.
- Organisms exhibiting this type of survivorship curve have long life cycles and high probabilities to survive until they are old enough.
- These species have few descendants and spend too much time and energy in parental care to ensure their reproductive success.
<u>Type II.</u>
- The probabilities of dying are equals all along the cycle, at any age interval.
- The number of dead individuals remains constant from the beginning to the end of the life cycle.
- These species have reduced offspring, and they ensure their reproductive success by providing some significant parental care.
<u>Type III.</u>
- Significant mortality during the early stages of life.
- Only a few individuals reach the later life stages, getting to survive their first period of life. Survivors usually have a long life.
- These species produce large offspring at the same time, but they provide little or no parental care.
- The reproductive success of these species depends on the number of descendants and not on the parenting time spent.
According to this information, and the characteristics of the <em>Dandelions, we might assume that this species is represented by type III curve.</em>
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<em>Related link: brainly.com/question/3074723?referrer=searchResults</em>
<em> brainly.com/question/14140061?referrer=searchResults</em>
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Answer:
erosion and I will copy and paste why if you need that too
In earth science, erosion is the action of surface processes (such as water flow or wind) that removes soil, rock, or dissolved material from one location on the Earth's crust, and then transports it to another location (not to be confused with weathering which involves no movement). Hope you get it right good luck!
