Answer: There would many terms such for communicable disease such as infectious disease, transmissible disease, and/or contagious disease.
* Hopefully this helps:)
The answer is B. This represents a pandemic because the outbreaks took place in several different countries.
This question is severely broad as it all depends on a number of factors. Ibcan however provide this link with a table that you may find helpful.
http://www.businessinsider.com/at-what-temperatures-can-you-get-frostbite-or-hypothermia-2015-2
