The energy needed by a system to initiate a process is called as the activation energy. It describes the minimum energy which must be available to a chemical system with potential reactants to result in a chemical reaction. Hope this answers the question.
In the above food web green algae is the producer, periwinkle and microscopic animals are primary consumers; mussel, barnacle, dogwhelk and crab are secondary consumers; dogwhelk and crab comes under tertiary consumer; dogfish is a quaternary consumer.
What is a food web?
It is a natural interconnection of several food chains in a single ecosystem. Each food chain supplies energy and nutrients through the ecosystem. There are four food webs producer, herbivores, carnivores, omnivores and decomposers.
Here green algae comes under autotrophs(prepares their own food), periwinkle and microscopic animals are herbivores(depend on producer); mussel, barnacle, dogwhelk and crab are carnivores(depend on herbivore); dogfish is an omnivore(depends on both producer and carnivore).
Learn more about food web from the link given below:
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Answer:
an enzyme is a protein which is used to break down food
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lemons contain antioxidants which prevent the fruits from browning
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Please find the explanation of the four possible exceptions to Mendelian genetics below.
Explanation:
Genetics, generally, has to do with how genes are inherited or transferred from parents to offsprings. Gregor Mendel, however, explained this concept in his principles of inheritance called Mendelian genetics. There are, however, exceptions to this mendelian principle called Non-mendelian pattern of inheritance i.e patterns of inheritance that do not follow Mendel's principles. Four of them are explained below:
- Incomplete dominance- This non-mendelian inheritance pattern occurs when one allele of a gene does not completely mask its allelic pair, but instead forms an intermediate phenotype. This is in contrast with Mendelian genetics that proposes complete dominance. For example, a red and white flower produce a pink flower (intermediate).
- Codominance- This is another non-mendelian inheritance where two alleles of a gene are simultaneously expressed. For example, roan cattles is a combination of both red and white hairs.
- Multiple alleles: Some traits in a population are controlled by more than two alleles, as explained in mendelian inheritance. Examples of trait controlled by multiple alleles is height in humans.
- Sex-linked inheritance: Some traits are controlled by genes on sex chromosomes i.e. X and Y chromosomes. This genes exhibit inheritance pattern that are different from Mendel's. Example is haemophilia disease controlled by an affected gene on the X-chromosome.