They modify nouns/pronouns
Sick means you are physically unwell and exhausted could just mean that you are tired, it could mean you are physically tired or mentally tired.
Adverb. An adverb is a word that describes an action. Since the action is walking, slowly is the word used to describe the action.
Answer:
This is <em><u>false</u></em>. When discussing causes you discuss what CAUSED the events not what it resulted in. This would be called effects.
Hope this helped :)