Answer:
11. D. Jerusalem
12. A. Christians and Muslims
13. C. the Pope
Explanation:
11. D. This was followed later in the year by the Council of Vermonter, during which Pope Urban II supported the Byzantine request for military assistance and also urged faithful Christians to undertake an armed pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
12. A. The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291. The bloody, violent and often ruthless conflicts propelled the status of European Christians, making them major players in the fight for land in the Middle East.
13. C. On November 27, 1095, Pope Urban II makes perhaps the most influential speech of the Middle Ages, giving rise to the Crusades by calling all Christians in Europe to war against Muslims in order to reclaim the Holy Land, with a cry of “Deus vult!” or “God wills it!”
Created a Domino effect of other Countries Declaring their independence.
Answer:
During the Renaissance, the European economy grew dramatically, particularly in the area of trade. Developments such as population growth, improvements in banking, expanding trade routes, and new manufacturing systems led to an overall increase in commercial activity. aslo, Trade brought many new ideas and goods to Europe. ... During the Renaissance people began using coins to buy goods which created a money economy. Money changers were needed to covert one type of currency into another. Therefore, many craftspeople, merchants, and bankers became more important i society
Explanation:
A communist insurgent group
