The lack of transparency, accountability, safety and the rule of law; the often bloated public sectors and squeezed small businesses; patriarchy masquerading as religion and culture; high unemployment rates and, recently, jihadism destabilizing the Sahel region – all these factors are keeping Africans poor. Arguably, the world's poorest continent lags because of modern age colonialism, which severely affects its economic growth and development. ... For example, the policies of colonialism forced Africa to rely on imported goods as all the natural resources are drawn away by the wealthy nations.
White space can add to or detract from the balance, unity, harmony, rhythm and overall success of a design. White space can give emphasis, contrast, and movement
