<span>the practice of a successful political party giving public office to its supporters. </span>
You didn't list options, but I'll suggest an item which famously occurred during Warren G. Harding's presidency:
<h2>The Teapot Dome Scandal</h2>
This was a scandal in which one of President Harding's cabinet members illegally leased oil reserves. President Harding was not directly implicated in the scandal, but was affected by it. After President Harding transferred supervision of the naval oil-reserve lands from the navy to the Department of the Interior in 1921, Secretary of the Interior Albert Bacon Fall secretly gave Harry Sinclair of the Mammoth Oil Company exclusive rights to the Teapot Dome reserves in Wyoming. He granted a similar deal to another oil company executive. The secret leases came under Congressional investigation. Congress directed President Harding to cancel the leases, and the Supreme Court ruled that Harding's transfer of authority to Interior Secretary Fall had been illegal. The whole affair took a toll on President Harding's health. He died in office in 1923.
Answer:Progressive Era reformers sought to harness the power of the federal government to eliminate unethical and unfair business practices, reduce corruption, and counteract the negative social effects of industrialization.
Apartheid policy left a society which labor force was heavily unskilled as education and training opportunities were skewed in favor of the white people. Africans were heavily biased against in training and job opportunities,s such that when apartheid regime ceded power, Africans continue to find themselves living in difficult living conditions, and providing manual labor mainly in mines.
