According to the dictionary it means "a prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water."
Basically it's when there is very little rain or water and the amount of water in a place decreases.
With the invention of the printing press the knowledge was made easier to spread which led to greater education and greater social mobility. This also made the Bible accessible to more people. People were looking for more personalized approach to their spiritual needs. It was Martin Luther who made openly challenged the teachings of the Catholic Church by posting his famous thesis against the selling of indulgences. After they branded him a heretic he denied the idea that the Church is a mediator between God and man.
The answer is Italy or letter a. Italy’s advantage is its location where boats
and traders coming from the Byzantine Empire, the Muslim world and Europe. Trading posts where established and goods
flowed from these areas. This increased
Italy’s wealth.
