Hello. You did not submit the passage this question refers to, which makes it impossible for it to be answered. However, when searching for your question on the internet, I was able to find a question like yours where it featured a passage from the book "Leviathan." If that's the case for you, I hope the answer below will help you.
Answer and Explanation:
A. The passage portrays how the sovereign of a region is not subject to civil laws, as he is the only one who has the power to revoke them, which allows him to be free to do as he pleases. A historical situation that motivated him to write this was the existence of manipulations in the laws of England brought about by the monarchy and the commonwealth sovereigns.
B. A broader historical development that inspired Hobbes was the existence of an absolutist monarchy that gave kings and queens full control of all civil, political, and social laws and elements.
There are many ways in which the effects of their lives were <span>similar, but in general they both were very inspirational figures who were able to get many people to rally around them. </span>
The fall of Rome and the replacement of Rome's empire by an assortment of barbarian and semi-barbarian rulers was certainly a big factor on the development of both feudalism and the monastery system.
The Ottoman Empire began as one of the small Turkish states that emerged in Asia Minor during the decline of the Seljuk Empire. The Ottoman Turks gradually controlled the other Turkish states, survived the Mongol invasions and under the reign of Mehmed II (1451-1481) ended what was left of the Byzantine Empire.
The origin of the Ottoman Turks can be found in the steppes of Central Asia, in Turkestan, in an ethnic group dedicated to transhumant livestock, especially horses, and to commerce, with semi-nomadic practices. The Turks soon relate to the Muslim cultures of their environment, engage with them in business relations and adopt Islam in their Sunni branch. This contact could be due to the silk route, as the Muslim merchants would probably pass through the territories where the Ottomans lived. The first entries of Turkish tribes in the region that would later be the Ottoman Empire occur in the military, when the armies of the Abbasid Caliphate needed soldiers for internal struggles and against the Christians and Byzantines during the ninth century. Therefore, they resorted to border territories recruiting the population. Within the Abbasid Caliphate it can already be seen how the Turks are climbing positions in the army and the administration. The slow penetration of Turkish tribes in this area was carried out in two ways: through the progressive occupation of the territory by the tribal groups and through the struggle against the Byzantine Empire, which had dominated this region for a long time and which they annulled militarily.
