Both archaelogists and historians use sources and evidence to learn about the past.
Archaeologists learn about the past by studying artefacts. These are things people living long ago left behind them (eg. pottery). Artefacts are stored in a museum.
Historians find out about the past by studying written sources (ie what people wrote). Written sources are stored in an archive.
It also increased the tax paid by new immigrants arrival and allowed immigration officials to exercise more discretion in making decisions over whom to exclude.
I believe this would be segreation. This is a very sad thing that went on and can still continue to go on when the whites were segregated from the blacks. hope this helps!