The general equation for computing the circumference of a circle is

, where C is the circumference, and d is the diameter. (You might also see the equation as

where r is the radius, because

)
Computing the circumferences of the two circles, we get:


.
To calculate the ratio of two numbers, we can divide one by the other. You can look at this as "How many times does the denominator fit in the numerator?"

So the circumference of the complex impact crater is 2 times greater than the circumference of the simple impact crater.
Answer:

Step-by-step explanation:
The average rate of change over a interval is the slope m of the straight line joining the two points.

The average rate of change is 