1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
e-lub [12.9K]
2 years ago
13

Which of the following best explains how the expression of a eukaryotic gene encoding a protein wil differ if the gene is expres

sed in a prokaryotic cell instead of in a eukaryotic cell?
a. The protein will not be made, because prokaryotes lack the ribosomes necessary for translation b. No transcript will be made, because eukaryotic DNA cannot be transcribed by prokaryotic RNA polymerase.
c. The protein will be made but will not function, because prokaryotes cannot remove introns.
d. The protein will have a different sequence of amino acids, because prokaryotes use a different genetic code.
Biology
1 answer:
Ivan2 years ago
7 0

Answer: c. The protein will be made but will not function, because prokaryotes cannot remove introns.

Explanation:

Eukaryotic cells are cells that have membrane-surrounded organelles, such as a nucleus which is an organelle that stores the DNA, the genetic material. On the other hand, prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, and the genetic material is a single molecule, usually circular and closed and double-stranded, which is located in a sector of the cell known as the nucleoid (meaning "similar to the nucleus"), which does not imply the presence of a nuclear membrane.

<u>A gene is a unit of information at a DNA locus that codes for a protein. To synthesize that protein, DNA must be transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), and that mRNA is read by ribosomes in a process called translation or protein synthesis</u>. The difference between protein synthesis in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that in prokaryotes, transcription and translation take place directly in the cytoplasm since there is no nucleus. In eukaryotes, transcription takes place inside the nucleus, to generate mRNA. This mRNA molecule is then directed to the cytoplasm where translation happens.

a. In prokaryotic cells, ribosomes are produced in the cytoplasm, whereas in eukaryotic cells they are generated in the nucleolus within the cell nucleus. So they both have ribosomes and they are used to make proteins, then this option is true.

b. RNA polymerase initiates transcription of all different types of RNA (mRNa, ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA). However, there are three RNA polymerase variations, each one translate a different type of gene. But, prokaryotic RNA polymerase can translate eukaryotic genes. Then this option is not true.

c. Prokaryotic cells don't  have introns because those cells do not perform a post-transcriptional RNA modifications, only done by eukaryotic cells. One of the modifications is the excision of introns in RNA. An intron is a region of DNA that is part of the primary RNA transcript, but unlike exons, they are removed from the mature transcript prior to translation. <u>So, this remotion does not happen in prokaryotes because they just don't have introns</u>. Also, in prokaryotic cells. the translation and transcription machinery is coupled. So, the transcription and translation occurs simultaneously, there will be no remotion of introns then the protein will be synthesized differently, since the reading frame is changed. Remember that each codon (set of three nucleotides) codes for an amino acid. So if the gene sequence is different because certain sections of the gene have not been removed, the protein will be different, and probably it will not function. This option explains how the expression of an eukaryotic gene encoding a protein will differ if the gene is expressed in prokaryotic cells.

d. The genetic code is the set of rules that defines how a sequence of nucleotides in RNA is translated into a sequence of amino acids in a protein. This code is common to all living organisms, although there are small variations, and it has a unique origin and is universal.  So, the code defines the relationship between each sequence of three nucleotides, called a codon, and each amino acid.  The sequence of genetic material is composed of four distinct nitrogenous bases, which are represented by letters in the genetic code:

  • Adenine (A)
  • Thymine (T)
  • Guanine (G)
  • Cytosine (C)
  • Uracil (U), only in RNA (instead of T)

So, the genetic code is the same for eukaryotes and prokaryotes. So this option is not true.

You might be interested in
What is the relationship between food intake and physical activity?
elena-14-01-66 [18.8K]
Because we can't take in light energy directly, we consume plants. Plants convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis. So when we eat plants, we get the chemical energy stored in the carbohydrates, which fuels all our physical activity. 
3 0
3 years ago
Positive feedback is a control system that sends a signal to ________ a response.
vlada-n [284]

Answer:

increase

Explanation:

hope this helps :)

8 0
3 years ago
As more information was gathered about the structure of the atom, atomic models changed over time. Maxwell Planck discovered tha
kenny6666 [7]
<span>Neils Bohr </span>developed a model of the atom (Bohr model) to explain how the structure of the atom changes when it undergoes energy changes. His major idea was that energy of the atom was quantized (this means that the atom could only have very specific amounts of energy) and the amount of energy in the atom was related to the electrons possession in the atom. In the Bohr model, electrons travel in orbits around the nucleus. The further the electron from the nucleus the more energy it has. Bohr used Planck's quantum concept of E=hv.
3 0
2 years ago
Photochemical smog:
Greeley [361]
<span>Photochemical smog, created by the chemical reaction between sunlight, nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds is (e) generally worse during the winter months in part because of the increase in energy used to heat homes and other buildings.</span>
4 0
3 years ago
Which form of virus did Sabin use for the vaccine?
NeX [460]

Answer:

   Oral poliovirus vaccine or Sabin vaccine, named for its inventor American physician and microbiologist Albert Sabin, was developed. OPV contains live attenuated (weakened) virus and is given orally.

3 0
2 years ago
Other questions:
  • Classify each nutrient as a macronutrient or as a micronutrient.
    8·1 answer
  • Which life process in the body sustains all others?
    12·1 answer
  • What’s the cause of <br> Hydrogen Bonding
    6·1 answer
  • Amino acids are linked together to make proteins by removing a molecule of _____ in a process called _______
    10·2 answers
  • Cichlids are bony fish that are commonly found in the freshwater lakes of Africa, like Lake Victoria. There are more than 2000 r
    5·2 answers
  • Define classification of animals according to object adaptational features​
    5·1 answer
  • (30 words) Summary: How can someone identify characteristics of living things
    5·1 answer
  • What is light energy converted into<br> during the light dependent reactions?
    11·1 answer
  • Hello can someone help?<br> Im confused
    8·1 answer
  • Can water go across a semipermeable cell membrane?​
    5·2 answers
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!