Question

Hormones can act on the cell that produces them, neighboring cells and distant cells after passage in the blood. Discuss whether it si possible for a single molecile to work via all three effector routes.

Answer 1

Answer and Explanation:

Yes, a single molecule can work through all three effector route. Cells commonly lead independent lives, and they might influence and communicate with other cells for sexual mating. For example, yeast cells communicate with one another for mating. On the other hand, animal cells communicate by different kinds of signal molecules. These molecules include amino acids, nucleotides, proteins, small peptides, retinoid, and derivatives of fatty acids and also includes dissolved gases such as carbon monoxide and nitric oxide. In the extracellular spaces, most signal molecules are secreted by the signaling cells. Some signal molecules are exposed to the extracellular spaces, while others are released by diffusion. Target cells respond by a specific protein called receptors. Receptors bind the signal molecules and start response in the target cell. On the surface of target cells, receptors are transmembrane proteins. When receptors bind extracellular signal molecules, they stimulated and produced a flow of intracellular signals that initiate the cells' behavior.