Answer:
Filip's medical report, diagnosed with Alzhaimer's, may reveal a diminished production of acethylcholine.
Explanation:
Alzhaimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition that causes immediate memory loss, behavioral changes and cognitive impairment, due to neuronal alterations and atrophy.
The neurotransmitter acetylcholine —related to neuronal transmission and body movement— may experience a decrease in its production leading to Alzheimer's, according to the cholinergic hypothesis.
Many therapies and treatments at present are based on the use of drugs to correct the acetylcholine deficit.
Regarding other options:
- <em>Dopamine: alteration or deficit is related to Parkinson's disease.</em>
- <em>Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA): deficiency is not common and is related to a type of congenital and infantile neuropathy.
</em>
- <em>Serotonin: deficit of this neurotransmitter can lead to depression and psychological disorders.</em>
Answer:
The correct answer is B. exploitation
Explanation:
Exploitation competition occurs when the interaction of two species is indirect when they complete for the same resource like food, place, etc. The use of resources by one individual species reduces the amount of resources for the other species leading to competition.
So over time the more fit species will out complete the less fit species. So here two species of bird feed on the same food but at different times and so they reduce resources for each other which is an example of exploitation competition.
Natural selection
Bc it is
Answer:The ratio of the concentrations of 
and 
when the buffer has a pH of 7.02 is 0.69
Explanation:
The dissociation constant for formic acid = 
Concentration of HA= 0.5 mM
Concentration of = 0.1 mM
pH = 6.16
First we have to calculate the value of 
.
Using Henderson Hesselbach equation :
![pH=pK_a+\log \frac{[A^-}{[HA]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=pH%3DpK_a%2B%5Clog%20%5Cfrac%7B%5BA%5E-%7D%7B%5BHA%5D%7D)
Now put all the given values in this expression, we get:
![6.16=pK_a+\log (\frac{[0.1]}{0.5})](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=6.16%3DpK_a%2B%5Clog%20%28%5Cfrac%7B%5B0.1%5D%7D%7B0.5%7D%29)
To calculate the ratio of the concentrations of and when the buffer has a pH of 7.02.
Using Henderson Hesselbach equation :
![7.02=6.86+\log \frac{[A^-]}{[HA]}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=7.02%3D6.86%2B%5Clog%20%5Cfrac%7B%5BA%5E-%5D%7D%7B%5BHA%5D%7D)
![\frac{[A^-]}{[HA]}=1.44](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B%5BA%5E-%5D%7D%7B%5BHA%5D%7D%3D1.44)
![\frac{[HA]}{[A^-]}=0.69](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7B%5BHA%5D%7D%7B%5BA%5E-%5D%7D%3D0.69)
Thus the ratio of the concentrations of and when the buffer has a pH of 7.02 is 0.69
The man responsible for developing the modern scientific classification system, that scientists still use and follow today is Carolus Linnaeus.
