Explanation:
Cancer cells do not contain the capacity to undergo
- a regular cell cycle where they only undergo cell division in response to external signals within their environment, i.e. regulation.
- differentiation into specialized cell types, with different physical traits; together they can't form different tissues.
Multiple mutations in several protooncogenes and tumor suppressor genes are required to form cancer.
Cancer-causing genes, or oncogenes, develop from protooncogenes which regulate normal cell division. They may undergo mutations that alter gene expression, disrupt cell regulation and lead to the transformation of normal cells into tumor cells- their resulting proteins are abnormal or not formed. Tumor suppressor genes, which can halt unregulated cell growth and division, may also become mutated.
Each individual inherits 2 copies of a gene from their parents- a single mutation in one of these does not directly lead to cancer. Multiple activated oncogenes, in turn produce damaged, non functional proteins and together contribute to forming cancers.
Further Explanation:
During the process of cell division, spontaneous changes within the genome can arise. These mutations are errors occur when copies of the DNA within the cell are made; mutations may range from small changes called single nucleotide polymorphisms, to large scale deletions, and additions which span multiple genes. There are two types:
- somatic: these only occur within certain cells, and arise from environmental factors such as UV light
- hereditary: occur within germ cells of the parent and later the fertilized egg which forms a zygote; these are present within all cells of the new organism.
Sequences of DNA make up genes which can have different forms called alleles. DNA, which makes up the genotype, is transcribed into mRNA and later translated into amino acids which are linked together by rRNA to form proteins which make up the phenotype of an organism. Mutations in DNA sequences affect the corresponding mRNA and thus the protein encoded.
Learn more about mutations at brainly.com/question/4602376
Learn more about DNA and RNA at brainly.com/question/2416343?source=aid8411316
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Option is c....bcz dna contains the base thymine and rna contains uracil
Answer:
The correct answer is - eliminates all lymphocytes that have been built that would bind and kill healthy, unaffected body cells.
Explanation:
Self-testing in the immune system is a very important step as it helps in analyzing if the immune cells or lymphocytes. To fight against the intruders, the immune system should initially recognize them. That is, the immune system must have the option to recognize what is nonself (remote) based on what is self. The immune system can make this identification since all cells have distinguishing recognition molecules (antigens) on their surface.
Self-test helps in identifying and eliminate in all lymphocytes that have built and attack the healthy cells and killing them.
The presence of homologous structures in different organisms suggest that theseorganisms are related and have evolved from a common ancestor. It is when comparing the embryos of different organisms to find similarities among them.
Answer:
B) All microorganisms do not produce glucose via glycolysis,
there are alternate pathways that produce glucose.
