Answer:
Because they are caused by a random (for lack of a better word) "glitch" or by environmental conditions, and therefore cannot be passed down
A good reason for why tobacco smoke is considered a carcinogen is because it causes mutations leading to cancer.
The best answer is that Genes code for proteins!
Chromosomes is where the genes are located (humans have a lot less chromosomes than genes)
Enzymes are chemical substances that participate in the creation of proteins.
RNA is another molecule which is important for making of proteins, but it is more fitting to say that the Genes are the ones coding for proteins. (RNA participates in the coding and decoding of genes)
I would say decrease the birth rate
I cannot find the propositions, so I just define what an alpha particle is:
Alpha particles (or alpha rays) are a form of radiation emitted by unstable nuclei of great atomic mass (alpha decay). They consist of two protons and two neutrons combined into a particle identical to the helium nucleus, so they can be written 4He2+ (or 4α2+). (the nuclei will lose 2 positive charges and 4 atomic masses)
Unlike other particles, a Beta particle is the emission of an electron (or a position), and gamma rays (not a particle) is the emission of a ray photon very high energy light.
I hope this could help you with you answering the question.