Answer:
B) vicarious punishment.
Explanation:
Vicarious punishment is the tendency to avoid some behaviors that had been criticized or had a bad result. In this case, Adam saw that his sister was scolded because of a wrong behavior (to hit another child, in this case). Adam used to do the same, but after realizing that it was a bad thing, then he begins to avoid, just because he saw the consequences in his sister.
A clinical trail
Clinical trials are research studies that explore whether a medical strategy, treatment, or device is safe and effective for humans. These studies also may show which medical approaches work best for certain illnesses or groups of people. - Definition by <span>https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/studies/clinicaltrials</span>
After Alexander died in 323 B.C., his generals (known as the Diadochoi) divided his conquered lands amongst themselves. Soon, those fragments of the Alexandrian empire had become three powerful dynasties: the Seleucids of Syria and Persia, the Ptolemies of Egypt and the Antigonids
Answer: level 1 of perspective-taking skills in childhood
Explanation: Perspective taking is the ability to look beyond your own point of view and understanding a concept from an alternative point of view, such as that of another individual.
Robert L. Selman an American-born educational psychologist and perspective-taking theorist illustrates level 1 of perspective-taking skills in childhood as the ability to understand that someone else may see things differently and what another person can see in physical space.
