Yes, it is true that early humans had to endure changes in climate and environment, since things like global warming and cooling, along with major events like the Little Ice Age, meant that the temperatures in the world were changing dramatically.
Foreign policy that is aimed aimed at controlling foreign trade by holding colonies and defending them against other foreign powers is: imperialism
Imperialism refers to the view that a country should dominate others in a certain way in order increase its power. Controlling foreign trades by holding colonies is a form of political and economical domination that was popular among Empires in Europe.
I am thinking the Statue of Liberty
The legislative branch would have two houses each state would also have two representatives, and it didn't matter how big or small the states were.