The right answer for the question that is being asked and shown above is that: "D Africans were generally able to hide from or defend themselves against Europeans." Europeans generally buy slaves from slave traders rather than capturing the slaves themselves because D Africans were generally able to hide from or defend themselves against Europeans.<span>
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The development of writing allowed the memorization of laws, business transactions, records of account, including taxes, etc. It demonstrated the superiority of the written word over oral memory which can be faulty, or perhaps deliberately misstated. It was not by coincidence that the first writing was done on clay tablets which hardened, and it was thereby "written in stone," and could not be changed. It was there for all to see.
American colonies eventually become independent creating the United States of America and establishing their own laws.
